@upatricck you will need to add the HTTPS version of your site to your list of properties at your search console, as Google will not crawl HTTPS for a HTTP property.
It’s common practice to add both the HTTP and HTTPS version of a property to the webmaster tools anyway.
This… shouldn’t logically have been the answer to your above problem. Google’s crawlers used for webmaster tools support TLS1.0, TLS1.1, and TLS 1.2, so expanding Caddy’s support to vulnerable protocols should have had no effect. Not to mention that if it was a TLS negotiation issue, you wouldn’t be looking at a 301 response.
If you were getting redirected to the HTTPS version of the site, it’s almost certainly because Caddy issued a redirect from the HTTP version of the site, or some other redirect you’ve specified in your Caddyfile. This heavily indicates that a property should be added for the literal https://mywebsite.com/, “https” included, rather than the HTTP version of the same.